Although the terms STI and STD are commonly used interchangeably, the two terms are significantly different. If you are looking to learn more about the differences between sexually transmitted infections and diseases, look no further – this expert-approved article is right for you. You will also learn about STI and STD testing, the differences in symptoms, and more.
That said, whether you suspect you have one or the other, make sure to consult professionals for diagnosis and expert guidance. If you live in the area or are looking for the best doctors, reach out to Gynecology Specialists in Miami.
Diseases vs. Infections
First of all, STI stands for sexually transmitted infections, and STD stands for sexually transmitted diseases. However, since many people are unaware of the difference between STI and STD, you may read about these two terms interchangeably and falsely assume that one equals the other.
The main distinction is that infection occurs when a bacteria or virus enters the body and begin to multiply. The disease occurs when the cells in your body are then damaged by the bacteria or virus, and signs or symptoms appear.
In other words, infections may be seen as the precursors of disease – they have not yet manifested into diseases, and typically, there are no symptoms.
The word “disease” may suggest that a patient has a serious medical condition with symptoms and signs.
We always recommend staying on track with your gynecological appointments. Opt for STI and STD testing, especially if you are sexually active and not using protection such as a condom. We suggest consulting trained professionals at New Age Women’s Health for the best results.
Every STD Begins as an STI
When it comes to STI vs. STD, there is another key distinction between the two. Namely, each sexually transmitted disease starts as a sexually transmitted infection. That being said, not all infections develop into full-blown diseases.
Infections develop in the body when pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites enter and begin to multiply. Depending on the pathogen type, the manner in which they get into the body will vary. For instance, some pathogens enter the body via skin-to-skin contact with an infected individual. You can also contract an infection through bodily fluid exchange, such as blood, vaginal secretions, or semen.
When the pathogens cause damage to the patient’s cells, infection turns into a disease. This is when you will begin to experience STD symptoms and signs.
What Symptoms Should I Look Out For?
If you are experiencing symptoms or are concerned you may have an STI or STD, the best option for you is to schedule STI and STD testing. Here are some STD symptoms to keep in mind:
- Unusual penile discharge
- Changes in the smell, color, or the amount of vaginal discharge
- Pelvic pain
- Sores, rashes, or bumps around or in the anus, genitals, thighs, or buttocks
- Pain during anal or vaginal penetration
- Burning sensation (or pain) when urinating
- Swollen or painful testicles
- Itching or tingling around the genitals
- An anal or genital rash
- Painful and swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck or groin
- Spotting after sexual intercourse or between periods and unusual vaginal bleeding
- Rectal bleeding
Remember, the STD symptoms will vary from one individual to the next.
When Should I Opt for STI and STD Testing?
If you are a sexually active adult, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends yearly screening. Overall, it is best to get tested if you:
- Have more than one sexual partner
- Have had sexual intercourse without protection (such as a condom)
- Are planning to have sexual intercourse with a new partner
- Had sexual intercourse with a new partner
- Are concerned you may have been exposed to a sexually transmitted infection
- Believe you are pregnant or are pregnant
- Share equipment for injection drugs
Of course, if you believe that you have been exposed to a sexually transmitted infection, consult your healthcare provider immediately. You may need to get tested and take preventative measures like PEP or post-exposure prophylaxis (in the case of HIV). Depending on the case, your healthcare provider will give you helpful advice and tips on what to do next.
What Are My Next Steps?
As previously mentioned, if you are concerned that you have an STI or have been exposed to an STD, contact your healthcare provider immediately and obtain STI and STD testing. Your next steps after this will depend on the results. If the results are negative, we recommend opting for regular STI testing in the future (once a year on average). On the flip side, a positive result may require immediate treatment or a management plan such as antibiotics or oral medications. You may also want to think about retesting to ensure the treatment was effective.
Fortunately, our team of professionals at New Age Women’s Health is here to help you. Book an appointment today and get started with maximizing your health.